What must be done to items prior to sterilization to ensure effective results?

Pre-washing and drying items prior to sterilization is essential to ensure effective sterilization results. This step helps to remove organic materials, soils, and residues that can protect microorganisms from the action of the sterilizer. If items are contaminated with debris, the sterilizing agents may not reach all surfaces effectively, leading to potential sterilization failure.

Pre-washing also helps to prevent the formation of biofilms, which can be resistant to disinfection and sterilization processes. Drying items adequately ensures that moisture does not interfere with the sterilization method used, particularly in the case of steam sterilization where moisture is needed, but excessive moisture can lead to condensation in the sterilization pouch.

While other options may seem relevant, they do not address the fundamental need for cleanliness before the sterilization process. Properly preparing items through pre-washing and drying is critical to achieving a high level of sterility and ensuring patient safety.