Which type of sterilization is most commonly used in hospitals?

Steam sterilization is considered the most commonly used method in hospitals due to its effectiveness in killing a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and spores. This method employs saturated steam under pressure, resulting in high temperature and moisture that penetrates the items being sterilized, ensuring comprehensive sterilization. The high temperature not only efficiently destroys pathogens but also reduces the time required for the process, making it suitable for the rapid turnover of surgical instruments and medical devices in a busy hospital setting.

Steam sterilization is also favored because it is validated and well-understood, with established parameters (like temperature, pressure, and exposure time) for different types of items. Additionally, this method is cost-effective and environmentally friendly, contrasting with other sterilization methods which may involve more complex equipment or chemicals.